• The role of fruit heteromorphism in the naturalization of Asteraceae 

  Fenesi, A.; Sándor, D.; Pyšek, P.; Dawson, W.; Ruprecht, E.; Essl, F.; Kreft, H.; Pergl, J.; Weigelt, P.; Winter, M.; van Kleunen, M. (2019)

  Background and Aims Fruit heteromorphism is considered to be a bet-hedging strategy to cope with spatially or temporally heterogeneous environments. The different behaviours of the fruit morphs of the same species might ...

• Alien versus native species as drivers of recent extinctions 

  Blackburn, T.M.; Bellard, C.; Ricciardi, A. (2019)

  Native plants and animals can rapidly become superabundant and dominate ecosystems, leading to claims that native species are no less likely than alien species to cause environmental damage, including biodiversity loss. ...

• A general model for alien species richness 

  Duncan, R.P.; Cassey, P.; Pigot, A.L.; Blackburn, T.M. (2019)

  A key question in invasion biology is why some regions have more alien species than others. Here, we provide a general framework to answer this. We model alien species richness as a function of the number of species ...

• Assessing, with limited resources, the ecological outcomes of wetland restoration: a South African case 

  Kotze, D.C.; Tererai, F.; Grundling, P.-L. (Society for Ecological Restoration, 2019)

  Resources for evaluating the ecological outcomes of ecosystem restoration projects are often limited, especially within government-funded programs. In order to rapidly assess the ecological outcomes ofwetland restoration, ...

• An assessment of the Seychelles scale Icerya seychellarum (Westwood) as a potential insect of economic importance in South Africa 

  Giliomee, J.H.; Millar, I.M. (Entomolocigal Society of Southern Africa, 2019)

• Plants on the move: Hitch-hiking with ungulates distributes diaspores across landscapes 

  Baltzinger, C.; Karimi, S.; Shukla, U. (Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), 2019)

  We here describe the multiple mechanisms by which ungulates distribute diaspores across landscapes. There are three primary and three secondary seed dispersal mechanisms by which ungulate dispersal agents contribute to the ...

• Human dependence on natural resources in rapidly urbanizing South African regions 

  Balbi, S.; Selomane, O.; Sitas, N.; Blanchard, R.; Kotzee, I.; O'Farrell, P.; Villa, F. (IOP Publishing Ltd, 2019)

  Enhancing the governance of social-ecological systems for more equitable and sustainable development is hindered by inadequate knowledge about how different social groups and communities rely on natural resources.Weused ...

• Naturalized and invasive alien flora of Ghana 

  Ansong, M.; Pergl, J.; Hejda, M.; van Kleunen, M.; Randall, R.; Pysek, P.; Essl, F. (Springer, 2019)

  The paper provides an inventory of the naturalized vascular flora of Ghana, based on newly gathered information from the literature and consultations with local experts. We adopted a rather conservative approach by including ...

• Twenty-five years of conferences on the Ecology and Management of Alien Plant invasions: the history of EMAPi 1992-2017 

  Pysek, P.; Brundu, G.; Brock, J.; Child, L.; Wade, M. (Springer, 2019)

  During the first 25 years, EMAPi conferences were attended by 1280 participants from 77 countries in five continents and produced 1474 presentations, including 44 keynotes on a broad range of aspects of plant invasion ...

• Autofertility and self-compatibility moderately benefit island colonization of plants 

  Razanajatovo, M.; van Kleunen, M.; Kreft, H.; Dawson, W.; Essl, F.; Pergl, J.; Pysek, P.; Winter, M.; Weigelt, P. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2019)

  Aim: The current geographical distribution of species largely reflects colonization success after natural long‐distance dispersal or introduction by humans. Plants with selfing ability should have an advantage when ...

• Monitoring consumptive resource use in South African national parks 

  Vermeulen, W.; van Wilgen, N.; Smith, K.; Dopolo, M.; Swemmer, L.; Annecke, W.; Bezuidenhout, H.; Durrheim, G.; Hanekom, N.; Hendricks, H.; McGeoch, M.; Ngubeni, N.; Symonds, A. (AOSIS, 2019)

  Monitoring is an essential component of measuring the performance of protected areas. This requirement led to the development of a biodiversity monitoring system for South African National Parks (SANParks). The system ...

• Risks of biological invasion on the belt and road 

  Liu, X.; Blackburn, T.M.; Song, T.; Li, X.; Huang, C.; Li, Y. (Elsevier Ltd, 2019)

  China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is an unprecedented global development program that involves nearly half of the world’s countries [1]. It not only will have economic and political influences, but also may generate ...

• Widely distribuded native and alien plant species differ in arbuscular mycorrhizal associations and related functional trait interactions 

  Menzel, A.; Hempel, S.; Davison, J.; Moora, M.; Pysek, P.; Rillig, M.C.; Zobel, M.; Kuhn, I. (Nordic Society Oikos, 2018)

  It is debated whether alien plants in new environments benefit from being mycorrhizal and whether widely distributed natives and aliens differ in their associations with mycorrhizal fungi. Here, we compared whether species ...

• Functionally richer communities improve ecosystem functioning: Dung removal and secondary seed dispersal by dung beetles in the Western Palaearctic 

  Milotic, T.; Baltzinger, C.; Eichberg, C.; Eycott, A.E.; Heurich, M.; Muller, J.; Noriega, J.A.; Menendez, R.; Stadler, J.; Adam, R.; Bargmann, T.; Bilger, I.; Buse, J.; Calatayud, J.; Ciubuc, C.; Boros, G.; Jay-Robert, P.; Kruus, M.; Merivee, E.; Miessen, G.; Must, A.; Ardali, E.; Preda, E.; Rahimi, I.; Rohwedder, D.; Rose, R.; Slade, E.M.; Somay, L.; Tahmasebi, P.; Ziani, S.; Hoffmann, M. (John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2019)

  Aim: In several ecosystems, the diversity of functional species traits has been shown to have a stronger effect on ecosystem functioning than taxonomic diversity alone. However, few studies have explored this idea at a ...

• Complementary endozoochorous seed dispersal by large mammals in the Golestan National Park, Iran 

  Karimi, S.; Hemami, M.-R.; Esfahani, M.T.; Akhani, H.; Baltzinger, C. (Cambridge University Press, 2018)

  Large animals tend to disperse seeds over long distances via ingestion and defecation due to their large home range and capacity to move among different habitats for feeding. The aim of this study was to investigate the ...

• The role of brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the plant seed dispersal of Golestan National Park 

  Karimi, S.; Hemami, M.R.; Tarkesh Esfahani, M.; Baltzinger, C. (2018)

  The brown bear (Ursus arctos) is the largest carnivore species in Iran. It can be found in large parts of the Alborz and Zagros mountain ranges, but remarkable densities occur in the northern forest, ranging from Golestan ...

• Impact of invasive alien plants on water provision in selected catchments 

  Preston, I.R.; Le Maitre, D.C.; Blignaut, J.N.; Louw, L.; Palmer, C.G. (Creative Commons Attribution License, 2018)

  We analyse the impact of failing to control invasive alien plants (IAPs) on the water supply to the Berg River and De Hoop Dams, in other words, the opportunity cost of not clearing IAPs in these two catchments. To do this ...

• Local knowledge regarding ecosystem services and disservices from invasive alien plants in the arid Kalahari, South Africa 

  Shackleton, S.E.; Shackleton, R.T. (Elsevier Ltd., 2018)

• Invaders among locals: Alien species decrease phylogenetic and functional diversity while increasing dissimilarity among native community members 

  Loiola, P.P.; De Bello, F.; Chytry, M.; Gotzenberger, L.; Carmona, C.P.; Pysek, P.; Lososova, Z. (British Ecological Society, 2018)

  1. Plant invasions can drastically change the structure of native communities, but it is not fully understood whether alien species occupy phylogenetic and functional space within the range occupied by natives, or provide ...

• Remoteness promotes biological invasions on islands worldwide 

  Moser, D.; Lenzner, B.; Weigelt, P.; Dawson, W.; Kreft, H.; Pergl, J.; Pysek, P.; van Kleunen, M.; Winter, M.; Capinha, C.; Cassey, P.; Dullinger, S.; Economo, E.P.; Garcia-Diaz, P.; Guenard, B.; Hofhansl, F.; Mang, T.; Seebens, H.; Essl, F. (National Academy of Sciences, 2018)

  One of the best-known general patterns in island biogeography is the species–isolation relationship (SIR), a decrease in the number of native species with increasing island isolation that is linked to lower rates of natural ...

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